Cell theory
Introduction

Topic 1 Cell theory

Topic 2 Prokaryotic cells

Topic 3 Eukaryotic cells

Topic 4 Cell Division

Topic 5 Cell membranes


Cell theory
The combined observations and conclusions of cell biologists over many years led to the development of the cell theory, which states:

-All living things are composed of cells.

-Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

-All cells come from preexisting cells.

Schlerden and Schawn came up with this theory in 1938 and 1939. A virus is not consider a living organism because is not made out of cells. A virus is a fragment of DNA or RNA which is sorrunded by a protein coat. Virus are the smallest living/nonliving structures ( 20 to 300nm ). They are consider as parasiters because they need hosts in orther to reproduce.

There are two types of microscopes which are: light and electron microscopes. The light microscope is cheap and can be used to observe living material, (movement), but it has a poor resolution and magnification. The electron microscope is very expensive and you cannot observe living material in it, but it has a high resolution and magnification.

Microscopes: 1mm = 1000 micrones = 1000000 nanometers (nm)



This is an electron microscope picture of a bacteriophage T4 virus.
 


An organell is a structure within a cell which has a specific function ( eg. ribosomes, mitochrondria, chloroplast, nucleus,...). Lots of organels make up a cell. Lots of cells make a tissue. Lots of tissues make an organ. Lots of organs make up an organ system which then makes an organism.

All unicellular organism carry out all the fuctions of life which are: Movement, Respiration, Sensativity, Growth, Reproduction, Excreation and Nutrition




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